Thursday, July 18, 2013

Margaretta Wolf

 "Standing Her Ground"

I expect Margaretta Wolf is going to be well known. It's not that the 96-year- old merchant who lives in Marshfield, Wisconsin did anything great. But the news services are reporting today what Margaretta didn't do.

This past Monday a would-be robber walked into the small store Wolf has operated for the past 54 years. When he demanded that she open the cash register, she replied, "I'm not opening up that cash register and that's it, I'm not opening it. I said you can have all the Tootsie Rolls you want but I am not opening that cash register."

Frustrated by her refusal to give in to his demands, the robber pulled out a knife and ordered her to the back of the store. "I said, 'I'm not walking no place, I'm standing right here.'" When she threatened to push a button which would call for help, the robber fled the scene. He had none of her money (or Tootsie Rolls) as he made his getaway.

Police don't advise responding to muggers the way Margaretta Wolf did. In most cases they urge us to play it safe and give thieves what they demand. Let the police handle things, we are told, rather than risk personal injury. But I can imagine a standing ovation for this woman. We admire her courage, and her resolve to stand her ground.

There has been no bigger bully or no more despicable thief and murderer than Satan (see John 10:10). In Matthew 4 we read of him approaching Jesus at a vulnerable moment, at the end of a 40-day fast. "If you are the Son of God, command that these stones become bread," he hissed into the ear of the hungry Savior (Matthew 4:3).

Jesus, however, stood His ground. "It is written" He replied to this and two other temptations (Matthew 4:4,7,10). In saying so He declared that His faith in God was greater than His voracious hunger, or than His desire for fame and followers. The pull must have been great on Jesus, but He didn't give an inch.

In Ephesians 4:26,27 Paul taught a lesson that many of us need to learn: "'Be angry and do not sin.' Do not let the sun go down on your wrath, nor give place to the devil." Do we understand that ignoring God's warnings about sin is the first step in letting Satan have his way with us? Some of us, though, are easy marks.

Tom Petty, rock musician, made a song popular that has a line we'd do well to consider: "Well, I won't back down, no I won't back down; you could stand me up at the gates of hell, but I won't back down." May our resolve be like Margaretta's!

Come to the light God offers! Study His word, the Bible. Worship Him in spirit and truth (John 4:24). Get in touch with us if you'd like to discuss these ideas further.

Timothy D. Hall

Monday, July 15, 2013

J.C. Hall

For All to See

Tom Moore recently wrote about the life of J.C. Hall.

Born to poor parents, J.C. Hall was quickly put to work, mostly in sales, to help keep himself and his family afloat. Along with his brothers, he began selling postcards in Norfolk, Nebraska. But the postcard business wasn't thriving there. So, with little else than a couple of shoe boxes of postcards, he moved to Missouri to start afresh. Full of innovative ideas, he moved on from postcards to greeting cards. When the store from which he operated burned down in 1915, he and his brothers invested in an engraving business and began printing their own cards.

But it wasn't just the quality of the cards that burgeoned the business. It was Hall's groundbreaking idea to move the cards from behind the counters, where clerks would pick an "appropriate" card for the customer, out into display cases where customers could see them, handle them, and admire them.

By the time he died in 1982, Hall had turned two shoe boxes of postcards into a multi-billion dollar company known as Hallmark.
Says the Hallmark corporate website, "J.C. Hall took greeting cards out of drawers in retail stores, and into displays that let shoppers see all their choices, dramatically changing the way cards were merchandised."

Moore then makes this application:  God did the same thing when He sent Jesus Christ into the world. That's when the Word of Life was moved from "behind the counters" of prophecy, "out of the drawers" of prediction, and placed in the "display case" of the first century for all the world to see, handle and admire. Today we have this wonderful display of our Lord in the New Testament. *

The Apostle John testified: "That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we looked upon and have touched with our hands, concerning the Word of life - the life was made manifest, and we have seen it, and testify to it and proclaim to you the eternal life, which was with the Father and was made manifest to us" (1 John 1:1-2).

God "was put on display" - He became flesh and dwelt among us (incarnated) - so that:

Man might come to know God more fully (John 1:14,18),
That we may understand that God knows us all (Hebrews 4:14-16),
And so that we can be saved through Jesus (Hebrews 2:17-18).

ONLY the sinless Son of God could be the perfect sacrifice to atone for the sins which condemn us.  "For there is one God and one mediator between God and mankind, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all people." - 1 Timothy 2:5-6

Jesus will save those who accept His offer on His terms by placing their faith and trust in Jesus (Acts 16:30-31), turning from sin in repentance (Acts 17:30-31), confessing Jesus before men (Romans 10:9-10), and being baptized (immersed) into Christ for the forgiveness of sins (Acts 2:38).  Then, as we walk in the light of His Word, His blood continues to cleanse us from all sin (1 John 1:7).

Jesus came into the World for all to see God and the know the Way to "seeing" God for eternity (John 14:6).

Won't YOU accept His offer of salvation and eternal life by trusting and obeying Him today?

David Sargent, Minister

Thomas Sowell

For today’s editorial I’ve got in mind to present a few short, but I hope thoughtful, lessons for you to consider. Just a few little things that caught my attention at one time or another and caused me to think, in a parabolic way, about a spiritual application to lay alongside of them. Without further ado, we’ll get right on this.

My first "thing" stems from something a great thinker and author of our current generation, a man by the name of Thomas Sowell, recently said. Because of various national news items we’ve witnessed in the last couple of years and especially in light of our latest "trial" currently going on, I thought Thomas’s words here most appropriate.

He said: "If you believe that everyone should play by the same rules and be judged by the same standards, that would have gotten you labeled a "radical" 60 years ago. A "liberal" 30 years ago and a "racist" today."

Here’s my spiritual application to those words of Mr. Sowell, who I should point out is a black-American. To me this is just another example of man’s way of operating IE: nothing stays the same. Nothing has standards that remain standard. Man has adopted the philosophy of "Situational Ethics" meaning that, depending on the situation, the "ethics" and the "standards" are changeable.

Aren’t you glad that you worship and serve a God that doesn’t operate with that philosophy? A God who’s rules and standards are the same for everyone at all ages and times. Another way of saying this is, that with God, the "situation" is constant - it doesn’t change. He doesn’t change and tells us this very thing in Malachi 3:6, "For I am the Lord, I change not..." And the same applies to our Savior Jesus Christ as we see in Heb. 13:8, "Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, and today and forever."

I’m going to call my next little "thing" a lesson in "religious economics." It would be funny if it wasn’t quite so true. And, I think that you’ll "get" the spiritual application without me having to add my comments to it. It’s pretty much a self-contained lesson. See if you don’t agree.

A man once wrote: I heard of a minister who left the pulpit to go to medical school and become a doctor. An old friend saw him several years later and expressed surprise at his career change, but said he assumed it had been because he could care for people in a more concrete way now that he was practicing medicine.

"Not at all," the doctor responded honestly, "the reasons were purely economic. I discovered that people will pay more money to care for their bodies than for their souls."

Several years lapsed before the friend saw him again and discovered that he had left medicine for law. "What was your reason this time?" the friend asked.

"Simple economics again," replied the ex-minister, ex-doctor attorney. "I learned that people will pay more to prove they are right than to care for either body or soul."

Okay, now my last "thing" is a little story presented in sort of a fable-type parable. It begins this way: The Pencil Maker took the pencil aside, just before putting him into the box. There are five things you need to know, he told the pencil, before I send you out into the world. Always remember them, and never forget, and you will become the best pencil you can be.

(1) You will be able to do many great things, but only if you allow yourself to be held in someone’s hand.

        The Word tells us: "Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand

        of God, that He may exalt you in due time." (1Pet. 5:6)

(2) You will experience a painful sharpening from time to time, but you will need it to become a better pencil.

        The Word tells us: "That the trial of your faith, being much more precious than of gold

        that perisheth, though it be tried with fire, might be found unto praise and honor and

        glory at the appearing of Jesus Christ." (1Pet. 1:7)

(3) You will be able to correct any mistakes you might make.

        The Word tells us: "If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins,

        and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness." (1John 1:9)

(4) The most important part of you will be what is inside.

        The Word tells us: Christians have "come out" from the world and are "separate."

        (2Cor. 6:17) and 2Pet. 1:4-8 shows the "inside" part of a Christian - the character.

(5) On every surface you are used, you must leave your mark. No matter what the condition, you must continue to write.

        The Word tells us: "Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort with         all longsuffering and doctrine." (2Tim. 4:2)

The pencil understood, promised to remember, and went into the box with purpose in its heart.

My closing comment on this little parable: can’t all of us see ourselves as this little pencil? One that has been created by God, the Pencil Maker, and given His instructions for how to live the best Christian life we can? That, with the guidance and strength of God, we’ll be able to do many things for His glory.

Sure, there will be times when things don’t go just right for us. We’ll suffer hardships and sorrow as we live our earthly lives (occupy our "box"), but we’ll be able to handle them and come out stronger in faith. As faithful "pencils" we have forgiveness of sins, we can correct our mistakes. And our character, our "inside parts," brought into us by our "faith" sets us apart from the world and is "most important" because it’s what the world sees.

The last comment I’m going to make is about - our "mark." Seeing yourself as a "pencil," I think it’s imperative that we should be continually aware of what kind of "mark" we’re leaving behind. There’s a great old hymn whose title asks the question that is so appropriate to this last thought. That hymn is "What Will I Leave Behind" and if it’s not talking about our life’s "marks" then I’ve totally misunderstood the words of the song. It’s found on page 685 of our songbook and I encourage you to read it’s lyrics.

As we make our "marks" on all the "surfaces" we can, let’s strive to leave "marks" that bring glory to the "Pencil Maker" rather than "marks" representing the "beast" (Rev. 14:9). Instead, we start our "marking" career by bearing in our body "the marks of the Lord Jesus" (Gal. 6:17) and spread those "marks" throughout our journey as God’s "pencils."

Respectfully submitted,

Ron Covey

Tuesday, July 9, 2013

FORGIVENESS HAS THE POWER TO CHANGE LIVE

Colossians 3:12-13 “Put on therefore , as the elect of God, holy and beloved, bowels of mercies, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness, longsuffering; Forbearing one another, and forgiving one another, if any man have a quarrel against any: even as Christ forgave you, so also do ye.”

The child of God must have a heart full of compassion, a heart that is sympathetic and considerate of others. There is absolutely no room in the heart of God’s child for a proud, haughty, unforgiving spirit.  Not only does Paul urge us to have a forgiving spirit, we learn a great lesson on this from our Lord in Mark 11:25-30 and Matthew 6:14-15.  I would emphasize here the fact that in the passage from Matthew, the Lord tells us that if we do not forgive others, then God will not forgive us. My friends, the command to have a forgiving heart is plain, clear and absolutely essential on our part if we are going to be pleasing to God.

Now, understand this, when we forgive someone, we then treat that person as if the offense had never taken place. Sometimes it seems that forgiveness is given with strings attached. Have you ever said or heard someone day, “I’ll forgive but I want forget”?  That’s like burying the hatchet, leaving the handle sticking out so you can grab it later and use it. I wonder, where would we stand today, what would be our hope of eternal security if that was God’s attitude toward us? It matters not what the offense might be, it matters not how heinous the offense might be or even how we feel about it, if an individual asks for forgiveness, we forgive. I take this a step further in that I believe that since we are to have a heart of mercy, kindness, meekness and long suffering, a heart that does not harbor evil thoughts about others, we will forgive even in the absence of a request to do so. We simply place the entire matter in the hands of God.

A final thought on forgiveness: it takes great character and faith for someone to ask another person to forgive them and by the same token, it takes great character and faith on the part of the one who is willing to fully and freely say, “I forgive you”. Forgiveness that is asked for and forgiveness that is granted will make us partakers of a divine love that will bring happiness and peace into our lives. True forgiveness asked for and given will leave a beautiful, warm feeling in our hearts.

Consider diligently Matthew 6:14-15, Matthew 18:21-35, Mark 6:37, Mark 11:4, Mark 17:3-4, 2 Corinthians 2:1-11 and Ephesians 4:32.

Remember always, “FORGIVENESS HAS THE POWER TO CHANGE LIVES”.

Charles Hicks

Monday, July 8, 2013

Psalm 122:1

    "I was glad when they said unto me, Let us go into the house of the Lord." (Psa. 122:1)

Those words of the Psalmist David came to mind when I began thinking about our editorial lesson for today. With what mental agility I possess, I think I understand why David penned those words. Why he was "glad" when the appointed time and date came around to go to the "house of the Lord." I think that it was for the same reasons that I too am "glad" when the Lord’s Day appears. Let me tell you why I believe that David was, and I am, "glad" on these occasions.

I don’t really know how old David was when he wrote those words, but in my humble opinion I feel that he must have been in the upper years of his life. The reason I feel this is because I believe that it’s us older folks who really appreciate "going to church" but, that’s not saying that the young-uns do not. I just think that having lived longer, experienced more, seems to cause us to appreciate more the blessings God has bestowed on us. Going to church allows us to join with each other in praising God and thanking Him for those blessings.

In one respect, we’re sort of like little children. They love to go to Sunday School, don’t they? Why is that you might ask? Well, it’s because they get to see their friends and sing songs and hear Bible stories and make crafty things that relate to those stories. Think about it - with the exception of the "crafty things," isn’t it pretty much the same for us older folks?

This touches upon why I believe that God designed the Church in the manner that we find in His Word. IE: a social entity, a family, so that Christians are to meet together often and thereby be encouraged and strengthened by each other. And, as a group of family members, we join together in praising Him and Jesus Christ. Now don’t get me wrong here, the worship and praise of God comes first before any benefit of a social nature. But always keep in mind, that the "church" is designed as a group endeavor. As a preacher friend of mine once said, "There are no Lone Ranger Christians. There has to be Tontos."

Today though, following our worship service, we as a family here at Highland get to participate in another great benefit seen in the form of a family get-together. We could say that it’s another example of the church being a social entity and is something that is of great benefit to a family - we get to eat together. Yep, today is pot luck day. And just as the family is strengthened by uniting in the worship of God, we’re strengthened both physically and spiritually by uniting in another family occasion.

With the definite danger of dating myself, I can recall when they were called by other terms. Terms such as "covered dish dinners" or "dinner on the grounds." By knowing terms like those automatically puts you back in the "olden days." Well, I don’t care if by knowing those terms I’m seen as old, it just means that I’ve had a lot of experience in "pot lucks" and I feel blessed by having all that experience.

My pot-luck career spans the years from when I was kid running around playing with the other kids while waiting for the grownups to get things in order so we could eat to this day when I’m one of the older grownups trying to get the kids to quiet down so we can get started. So that a brother can offer the blessing and thank God for the food and the "hands that prepared it for the nourishment of our bodies." I can’t tell you how many of them I’ve enjoyed in my pot-luck career, but I can tell you that I’ve enjoyed each and every one of them.

Another interesting phenomenon I’ve noticed at pot-lucks is that everyone wants to be in the first part of the food line. I guess that maybe we think that there won’t be enough food to go around and that they might run out of something before we get there. Again, in my vast experience of attending these events, I’ve never witnessed a pot-luck that didn’t have enough food. Truthfully speaking, it might actually be a blessing in disguise if I were to miss a portion or two.

There exists another interesting aspect of pot-lucks and that is what I’ll just call a "gentle warfare." You know what I’m talking about. It’s the efforts put forth by our wonderful "sisters" of the congregation to prepare the best-liked dish among all the choices on the table. I applaud their efforts in these types of battles and I add that I’ll be the first to volunteer to "go to the front lines."

I can’t leave the "interesting" aspects of pot-lucks without mentioning one more. And that is, try as we might, with all the good intentions we can muster, we eat too much. Yes, we fill our plates, sometimes more than once, and eat like there’s not going to be any more food on earth. Which gives credence to the "unofficial" statistic that says: "More Americans commit suicide with a fork than any other weapon." Then, you know what we do? We tell ourselves that we’ll never do that again and you know how long that resolve lasts, don’t you? Until the next pot-luck.

Yes, we do often times over indulge in the pot-luck goodies, but there are some really good things that come from these affairs. Let’s discuss a few for a moment. In our earthly family, one of the best, family-strengthening things we can do is gather together at the dinner table. By the simple act of eating together we maintain a closeness to each other. Because we talk to each other. I personally feel that this a major factor in families with internal problems. By not having personal communications between the members, we drift apart and this isn’t good.

By the same token, this principle applies with our church families. We sit down together and enjoy a meal while at the same time we’re getting to know each other better and family ties are strengthened. All because we use this occasion to communicate with each other. You know, a spiritual family needs the same closeness and unity as an earthly family. It’s an easy equation - the closer the members are, the stronger the entity. The stronger the family, the more glory goes to God.

It’s just a wonderful occasion when the "family" spends time with each other, isn’t it? When we gather on the "battlefield" of the "gentle war" and become strengthened as a unit in the army of Christ and thus, are better equipped to fight the "real" (spiritual) war with Satan and his army.

In closing, as a word of encouragement to all "family" members: please don’t neglect to gather with the saints, not only in worship service, but on occasions such as pot-lucks. If for some reason you’re not there, I can only echo the words of Jonathon, David’s best-friend, when he spoke about the possible absence of David and said: "thou shalt be missed, because thy seat will be empty." (1 Sam. 20:18)

Ron Covey

What is sound doctrine?

Titus 2:1 “But speak thou the things which become sound doctrine.”

 We live today in an age that does not look too kindly upon “sound doctrine” as is evidenced by the many additions, subtractions and substitutions made by men in regard to God’s word. When I think of “sound doctrine”, I think of that which is pure, unadulterated and in total agreement with the word of God. Sound doctrine and that which makes it practical and attractive is to be spoken and demonstrated openly, fully and with great plainness so as to be heard, seen and understood by all men (2 Tim. 4:2, 3-5, 1 Tim. 6:11-12, 1 Tim. 4:12, Matt. 5:13-16). It is this doctrine and this doctrine only that will provide the nourishment to our spiritual lives that is so sorely needed as we make this journey through life. Sadly, it is true today, if you speak and practice only “sound doctrine” (that which is authorized by God’s word) you will soon be at odds with those who follow the doctrines, opinions and customs of men (Matt. 15:8-9, Matt. 7:21-23, 2 Tim. 3:1-5, 2 Tim. 4:3-4).

  We must understand that in our walk as a child of God, doctrine and practice are unalterably joined together. Hence, Paul continues his instructions to Titus urging him to teach others concerning their duties (vs. 2-10). Read verses 11-15 and you will find a tremendous summary as to the conduct of a child of God.

 One of the great needs of our day in the realm of religion is for sound doctrine to be spoken and practiced (James 2:18, 1 Cor. 15:58). That is going to require that all our doctrine be backed by divine authority (Col. 3:17, 2 Tim. 3:16-17). To do anything in the name of Jesus is to do it by his authority or approval. We must be extremely careful not to attempt to do anything in his name that is not approved in his word, the Bible (Gal. 1:6-9, 2 John 9). Peter tells us that when we speak, it must be as the oracles of God (1 Pet. 4:11).

I love the words of Eccl 12:13 and 1 John 5:3. First we are told to fear God and keep his commandments for this is the whole duty of man. Then John tells us in the simplest way possible that our love for God is shown by the way we keep his commandments. It is vain to say we love God and then not do what he says must be done.  My friends, his commandments are only found in “sound doctrine”. You cannot fear (respect) God and keep his commandments unless you stand fast on and practice sound biblical doctrine and principles. When we respect and revere our God, we honor him as the King of our lives (1 Tim. 1:17) and by so doing, one day when we are ushered out into eternity, that crown of righteousness will be ours (2 Tim. 4:8).

Charles Hicks

Thursday, July 4, 2013

What is the Declaration of Independence?

When is the last time you read the Declaration of Independence, or have you ever? It's not a long read, but it is it a tremendous document. It continues to speak to our world today as it did 237 years ago.

The Declaration of Independence
Of the United States of America

IN CONGRESS, JULY 4, 1776
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America

When in the Course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind
 requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. - That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, - That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security. - Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.

He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.

He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.

He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.
He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected, whereby the Legislative Powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.

He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.

He has obstructed the Administration of Justice by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers.

He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.

He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our people and eat out their substance.

He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.
He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil Power.
He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:

For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
For protecting them, by a mock Trial from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:
For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:
For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:
For depriving us in many cases, of the benefit of Trial by Jury:
For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences:
For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies
For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation, and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & Perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.
He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.
He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.

In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.

Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our British brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.

We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these united Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States, that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. - And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes, and our sacred Honor.

--Russ Lawson